3-dimensional particle-in-cell modeling of a shadow-gridded electron gun

Shadow-gridded electron guns are most commonly used in present day pulsed traveling-wave tubes and other linear beam devices. The 3-D PIC code MAFIA, which solves Maxwell's grid equations by finite integration algorithm is a useful tool for simulation of electromagnetic fields and particles in 3-dimensional geometry. In this paper a shadow-gridded electron gun, which was designed for use in a coupled-cavity TWT, has been simulated using MAFIA.