Indium-phosphide photonic-lntegrated-circuits

▸ 1970's — OEICs on GaAs for high-speed computing ▸ 1980's — InP photonics/fiber; integration & tunables for coherent → Reach ▸ 1990's — Widely-tunables, laser-mods, small-scale int. for WDM and cost ▸ 1990's — VCSELs for datacom and optical interconnection ▸ 2000 — Bubble: Explosion ofstrangeideas, bandwidth-demand satisfied by DWDM → crash; but bandwidth needed by 2010. ▸ 2000's — InP PICs & PLCs expanded and matured; increasing use of VCSELs in high-speed datacom and computing interconnects ▸ 2006+ — Emergence of Si-PICs with several different goals: low-cost OEICs; high-performance PICs; or stop Moore's-Law saturation ▸ 2008+ — Use of advanced modulation formats/coherent receivers for improved Spectral Efficiency — need for integration at both ends of links ▸ 2010's — Increased InP-PIC use; maturity of Si-photonics solutions; improved VCSEL performance; heterogeneous integration approaches ▸ 2017 — Some delineations; InP-PICs for long-haul/metro; Si-photonics beginning to emerge in high-volume short-data/metro