The evolution of outside plant architectures driven by network convergence and new PON technologies

We show that convergence of access networks together with new PON standards drive lower bandwidth costs, which in turn, due to elasticity of demand, results in increased broadband adoption. According to Metcalfs law that came into existence in the 1980's increase in network value will scale quadratically with the number of users, thus making convergence and new PON standards invaluable to network operators.