The Smart Grid

This chapter elaborates on a comprehensive definition of what can be understood for a Smart Grid by introducing the basic elements of a power grid and enhancing those with telecommunication technologies. The core underlying criterion supporting the regulation of electric power systems is the maximization of social and environmental welfare in the production and consumption of electric power. Electric power system management is a complex undertaking covering technical, economic, regulatory, social, business, and environmental factors. Information and Communication Technologies, understood as computing and electronic elements coupled with telecommunication networks, have been appreciated and used by the power utility industry at the core of their operations. There are some Smart Grid challenges tightly connected to the use of telecommunications technologies and services. They can be grouped in two broad categories Customer Engagement and Grid Control. The impact of telecommunication services on Smart Grid operations is a key aspect of the enablement of telecommunications for the grid.