Incentive Schemes for User‐Provided Fog Infrastructure

User‐provided infrastructures (UPIs) are attracting growing interests and are expected to play an important role in realizing the vision of fog computing. This chapter provides an overview of UPIs by focusing on models for network sharing. It discusses the technical issues pertaining to resource allocation for these services and explains the importance of incorporating incentive schemes. The chapter analyzes mobile UPI models that are inspired by Open Garden, where users collaborate in an autonomous fashion, and describes UPI models that are enabled by a central service provider, as in the case of Karma mobile operator. In both cases, the chapter also discusses the challenges in designing incentive mechanisms and presents novel solutions. It also describes a different collaboration mechanism that is fully decentralized and lightweight, with minimum signaling requirements, and hence suitable for large‐scale fog computing architectures as those that expected to arise in Internet of Things.