Wave Propagation Inside Three‐Dimensional Rectangular Waveguide

This chapter discusses the growth of mobile communication systems in recent years necessitates realistic 3D propagation modeling in urban regions as well as in tunnels. The PE method has also been used for this purpose. The 3D calibration of various PE models or codes is therefore essential before their applications in complex realistic environments. The classical rectangular waveguide problem is chosen for this purpose. Rectangular and/or circular waveguides may also be chosen, but this structure is chosen to eliminate the discretization errors. The standard SSPE uses a longitudinally marching procedure with the use of the DFT. First, an antenna pattern representing the initial 2D field profile is injected. The idea of FEMPE model is first to divide the 2D transverse‐domain into subdomains.