Electromagnetic Wave Propagation and Scattering

The electromagnetic field of a dipole decays rapidly with distance to exhibit clear distinctive structures of the far field form the near field. The wave reflection feature is exemplified by the radar cross section (RCS) of a reflected wave from electric scatterers. This chapter focuses on all these behaviors of propagating electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic energy transmission is a very important subject in microwaves for telecommunication and plasma diagnostic applications. The measured phase shift depends only upon the electron density, but the attenuation of wave amplitude depends on both the electron density and the collision frequency for momentum transfer. In the plasma domain, the microwave magnetic component exhibits a significant distortion and remerges at the exit interface to show attenuation in wave amplitude. The concurrent computational capability and the general curvilinear coordinate transformation open the possibility for CEM of complex electrical scattering.