Solution Techniques for Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems

This chapter targets mainly off-line solution methods and tools. The objective is to provide an overview of off-line simulation tools and methods for the computation and analysis of electromagnetic transient (EMT). The chapter focuses on the most widely recognized and available groups of methods applied in industrial grade computer software packages. The initial application of EMT-type tools was the computation of overvoltages in power systems. The main modules of an EMT-type simulation tool are: graphical user interface (GUI), load-flow solution, steady-state solution, initialization: automatic or manual initial conditions, time-domain solution, and waveforms and outputs. These modules are described in the chapter. The simulation of control system dynamics is fundamental to the study of power system transients. The development of control system solution algorithms based on the block-diagram approach was initially triggered by the modelling of synchronous machine exciter systems.