Calibration of antenna factor in nonstandard environments

In this paper, we consider the problem of calibrating antenna factor in an environment which is "nonstandard". The so called "nonstandard" environment does not satisfy certain standards, such as ANSI C63.5 which requires an environment having only direct path or slight multipath EM wave propagation between two or three well mounted to-be calibrated antennas. Instead of utilizing instruments measuring the steady state frequency response between antennas, we propose a time domain method to calibrate the antenna factors which is based on a signal parameter estimation algorithm, which is effective in an environment with unknown multipath propagation. The unknown multipath propagation between antennas need not be calibrated and compensated as long as the excess delay is sufficiently large.