Hermetic Carbon Coatings for Electro-Thermal All-Fiber Phase Modulators

Joule effect and thermal response of several carbon-coated fibers are modeled and analyzed. An electro-thermally driven all-fiber phase modulator based on these principles is proposed and a proof of concept of it is characterized. This kind of fiber could be the basis for developing all-fiber components aimed to operate in environments where the strength increase and impermeability to hydrogen diffusion guaranteed by the carbon coating is crucial.