Random selection system for automatic biochemical analysis-partial functional analysis

Interconvertibility of certain engineering units and time-motion studies leads to simplifications in simulating the chemist's performance. The system described utilizes a carrier stream into which samples and reagents are injected at controlled intervals. Reactions proceed in transit. Normalization results in replacing volume measurements by time, durations by distances and concentrations by rates of mass flow. Thus, all variables are controllable by means of timers. The system incorporates a plurality of special plug-in units (pumps, mixers, sampler). Each operating module includes a multicam timer programer. The modules may be arranged in series-parallel arrays. The system is pulse-operated from a random-access keyboard, so that a time-sharing programing method is possible. Setting of the measuring devices (colorimeter, pH-meter, etc.) for sensitivity, scale span and wave length is automatic. A unique amplifier is utilized. Data logging is conventional. Performance analysis by application of the Sampling Theorem is useful in optimizing the operations. Examples dealing with urine color, albumin, glucose and nonglucose reducers by the peroxidase method, blood RBC and hemoglobin are described.