Experimental Studies on the Sustainment of Splieromak Plasmas by an Inductive Drive of the Toroidal Current

Sustainment of spheromak plasmas produced in an external equilibrium field has been demonstrated with a center current transformer (ohmic heating (OH) coil) which is used to inductively drive the toroidal current of the plasma. The OH coil is covered by a cylindrical metal liner. It provides the stability against the tilt and shift motions of spheromaks at the expense of the simple connection of its geometry. Since the spheromak is characterized by the elimination of external toroidal fields in association with nonconservation of a toroidal flux during magnetic relaxation, the metal liner was made electrically disconnected from the main vacuum vessel (spheromak mode). In the experiments, existense of the dynamo effect, meaning automatic generation of toroidal flux similar to that of a reversed field pinch (RFP), is observed. Measured MHD activity consists of multihelicity helical modes with toroidal mode numbers N = 1-3. In order to investigate the difference between spheromaks and RFP's in the MHD activity during sustainment, experiments have also been made with the metal liner of the OH coil connected with the vessel (RFP mode). The dynamics of the MHD activities observed are compared with those obtained from the three-dimensional MHD simulations by Katayama and Katsurai [18], and their implication in the dynamo effect is discussed.