Sea surface scattering calculations in maritime satellite communications

A method extending the Kirchhoff classical approach for mobile maritime satellite communications is presented. Carrier to specular and carrier to multipath ratios are evaluated from scattering by the rough sea surface calculations using the boundary perturbation method. They are compared with experimental results and with other experimental models. The results illustrate the limited effects of the wind speed and significant wave height, the important dependence on the elevation angle and the very large effects of the ship motions.<
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