Transmit Beamforming Algorithm of Multi-UAV Based on Particle Swarm optimization

Narrowing beamwidth of the transmit beam of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAV) can improve the directionality, propagation distance and anti-interference ability of the transmit signal. Thus, a novel multi-UAV transmit beamforming (MUTBF) algorithm is proposed in this paper to narrow the beamwidth of the transmit beam by adjusting the heading angles of the UAVs. The transmit signal model and output model of the array antenna are built in order to solve the weight coefficients of array elements. Then MUTBF algorithm based on PSO is used to generate the transmit beam and optimize the beamwidth to make it narrowest. The simulation results show that the MUTBF algorithm proposed in this paper can form the desired beam pattern and the beamwidth is narrowed while ensuring a high output signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at the same time.