Full-Bridge Fault- Tolerant Isolated DC–DC Converters: Overview of Technologies and Application Challenges

Nowadays, energy generation is on the path from centralized to distributed generation paradigm to improve the efficiency and resilience of power systems. One of the major developments in the energy sector was the introduction of dc microgrids that facilitate direct integration of energy sources, storage, and dc loads. Also, most consumer and industrial devices are naturally dc devices or contain a dc link, which makes them compatible with dc microgrids. Hence, dc distribution is an efficient tool for combining dc energy sources and battery energy storage with typical loads that are predominantly compatible with dc microgrids. In the foreseeable future, widespread adoption of dc microgrids will rely on the ubiquitous use of dc–dc converters. Apart from cost concerns, the long-term reliability of power electronic systems is under scrutiny by the power industry, which prefers simple but highly reliable/available solutions.