A Self-Trading and Authenticated Roaming Scheme Based on Blockchain for Smart Grids

The increasing volume of user and household data and number of smart meters compound the challenge of ensuring efficiency and privacy protection of electricity trading in existing smart grids. Therefore, to minimize the cost and latency in electricity trading, in this article, we design a new architecture for smart meters that can support transactions (using a blockchain-based wallet) and initiate transmission switch instructions (using smart contacts). Specifically, our approach comprises a decentralized peer-to-peer electricity trading scheme to enable automated electricity transmission (using smart contract instead of some centralized entity), and our blockchain-based anonymous authentication scheme to facilitate fast and privacy-aware roaming, in order to achieve privacy protection. We demonstrate that our proposed scheme is secure under the universally composable framework.