DC Bus Systems for Electrical Ships: Recent Advances and Analysis of a Real Case

The maritime industry accounts for a significant share of global emissions of CO
₂
, nitrogen oxides (NO
_x
), and sulfur oxides (SO
_x
), giving it a substantial environmental footprint. According to research conducted by the Lloyds Register and University College London on global marine fuel trends, if no actions are taken, exhaust gas emissions from shipping will double by 2030 and remain on an upward trajectory. Ships also contribute to local problems of poor air quality, constituting a significant threat to global health. Through chemical reactions in the air, NO
_x
and SO
_x
are converted into fine particles of sulfate and nitrate aerosols.