Evaluating the impact of emerging streaming media applications on TCP/IP performance

Emerging streaming media applications in the Internet primarily use UDP transport. The difficulty with supporting this type of traffic on the Internet is that they not only generate large volumes of traffic, but they are also not as responsive to network congestion as TCP-based applications. As a result, streaming media UDP traffic can cause two major problems in the Internet: congestion collapse and unfair allocations of bandwidth among competing traffic flows. A solution to these problems is available in many Internet environments. The Internet backbone, various ISPs, and DSL access networks rely on ATM as their layer 2 transport technology, and in such environments, ATM's available bit rate service can efficiently address these problems. ABR is able to avoid congestion collapse and provide fair bandwidth allocations by distributing the unutilized bandwidth fairly among competing flows. This article presents simulation results and empirical measurements that illustrate the congestion collapse and unfairness problems, and ATM ABR's effectiveness in addressing those problems.