Design of a Printed Triangular Patch Antenna Loaded with Novel Trident-Shaped Metasurface and Defected Ground Plane

Printed metasurface antenna has emerged as the most prominent antenna structure in the emerging wireless technologies. This paper proposes the design of a compact, high gain metasurface antenna (MSA) in which the triangular patch antenna has been used as a radiating element. The conventional patch is loaded with a novel trident shaped metasurface (MS) to enhance the performance of the antenna exhibiting a penta-band operating characteristics. The proposed MSA also introduces defected ground and microstrip structures to improve the bandwidth. The proposed antenna resonates at 6.68 GHz, 9.21 GHz, 10.91 GHz, 11.50 GHz and 11.92 GHz respectively, having the highest realized gain of 11 dBi making it suitable for wireless system designs for satellite communication (X-band), defense applications and 5G communications.