Integrity Enhancement of an Integrated Navigation System with Optical Sensors

Vision-based navigation has been of interest in aviation for decades. Driven by the demand for optical verification of take-off and landing procedures during all-weather operation many developments have been raised following changes in technology of sensor and processing hardware and aviation requirements. This paper summarizes the developments from the 60s until today and exemplarily discusses aspects of vision-based augmentation of Integrated Navigation Systems (INS).