Determination of static load models from LTC and capacitor switching tests

This article investigates the characteristics of a pure residential load through field tests. Staged voltage perturbations by station transformer tap-changing are induced both with and without switching ON the feeder shunt capacitors. Sudden voltage deviations by capacitor switching are attempted. Static load parameters are derived from the recorded load response to voltage variations. It is found that the load real and reactive powers can be respectively approximated by a linear and a quadratic function of voltage.