Single-Photon Faithful Transmission Using Error-Rejection Coding in Quantum Communications

Faithful transmission of quantum information over noisy channel is an essential requisite for quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. Here we experimentally demonstrate a noise-rejecting scheme for single-photon qubits transmission, resorting to neither ancillary photons nor globally entangled resources. Employing the unbalanced polarization interferometer, the polarization qubits are transformed to time-bin degrees of freedom. Meanwhile, the deterministic transmission of quantum states with high fidelity can be achieved. We find that the immunity of time-bin encoded qubits against collective noise paves the way to practical quantum error-correction and rejection in long-distance quantum communication.