Microstrip-to-Probe Fed Microstrip Antenna Transition

This paper presents an accurate and simple method to model the transition between a probe-fed microstrip antenna and a microstrip circuit, assembled in a back-to-back configuration. With the aid of a full-wave electromagnetic simulation tool the two-port S-parameter matrix of the transition is calculated. This information is used to determine the antenna input impedance (Z
_A
) that enforces a given impedance (Z
_in
) after the transition. To showcase the applicability and validate the proposed method a co-designed GPS active integrated antenna was designed and manufactured.