Towards a Continuous Non-Invasive Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring System Using PPG: Systems and Circuits Review

This paper presents an overview of the cuffless, continuous time, non-invasive blood pressure measuring devices (cNIBP) based on photoplethysmography (PPG). The cNIBP fundamental challenges, such as motion artifacts (MAs), noise, low PPG signal amplitude with large DC components, and possible solutions are discussed. Techniques and circuits for MAs reduction, DC photocurrent cancellation, and sensitivity improvements are presented. To enhance the BP system performance, both the optimization of the integrated PPG receiver design and the reduction of the LED driver power consumption are introduced. Useful design considerations are proposed for designers to improve the PPG-based BP system accuracy.