A Compact Frequency-Reconfigurable 36-States Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

We propose a simple and compact design of a patch antenna with the frequency-reconfigurability function. Six p-i-n diodes are positioned symmetrically along the nonradiating edges to allow the selection of one frequency band among 36 different states. One patch edge is shorted to the ground plane to reduce the antenna footprint. The antenna measured operating frequency ranges from 2.35 to 3.43 GHz. The measured peak gain and the measured peak efficiency are 4.3 dBi and 73%, respectively. The antenna has a compact size, preserves stable and unidirectional radiation patterns, uses a simple dc bias circuit, and is printed on a single-layer substrate. Hence, it is suitable for wireless applications requiring miniaturized size and acceptable performances.