High-Performance Architecture Using Fast Dynamic Reconfigurable Accelerators

System accelerators (ACCs) improve performance and break power and utilization walls. They can be implemented by fixed-function hard macros or reconfigurable logic such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). For systems running various applications, dynamic reconfigurable ACCs offer a very attractive feature; however, the reconfiguration time is an unavoidable overhead. This paper proposes high-performance architecture with fast dynamic reconfigurable FPGA ACCs (F-RACCs) based on a novel bitstream reprogramming method, which is feasible by using emerging technologies. The architecture includes CPU cores, caches, memories, ACCs, and network-on-chips. A portion of the computing tasks can be offloaded from CPUs to ACCs to improve performance. The ACCs can be reprogrammed rapidly to accommodate various functions required by wide spectrum of applications. The performance is evaluated by platform for ACC-rich architectural design and exploration, a gem5-based cycle-accurate full-system simulation platform. The 11 benchmark applications from different domains are evaluated. Comparing with systems using conventional FPGA ACCs partially configured using fastest configuration speed; this architecture improves system performance on all applications and achieves maximum 1.31× and 2.82× speedup using 1 and 12 ACC instances, respectively. It achieves maximum speedup of 94.93× with one and 565.12× with 12 F-RACCs over CPU software path with no ACCs.