A novel design of flip-flop circuits using quantum dot cellular automata (QCA)

As the device dimension is shrinking day by day the conventional transistor based CMOS technology encounters serious hindrances due to the physical barriers of the technology such as ultra-thin gate oxides, short channel effects, leakage currents & excessive power dissipation at nano scale regimes. Quantum Dot Cellular Automata is an alternate challenging quantum phenomenon that provides a completely different computational platform to design digital logic circuits using quantum dots confined in the potential well to effectively process and transfer information at nano level as a competitor of traditional CMOS based technology. This paper has demonstrated the implementation of circuits like D, T and JK flip flops using a derived expression from SR flip-flop. The kink energy and energy dissipations has been calculated to determine the robustness of the designed flip-flops. The simulation results have been verified using QCA Designer simulation tool.