Implimentation of 4×4 butler matrix using silver-nono instant inkjet printing technology

Butler Matrix (BM) beamforming network using silver-nano printing technology is presented in this paper. It employed a 3dB coupler, phase shifters and a crossover. Closed form design equations are derived based transmission line theory. To validate the design procedure, the device is fabricated using an instant inkjet printing technology. The results obtained shows good return losses better than-19dB at all the input ports with an average deviation in the transmission coefficients less than 1dB. However, the device exhibited a phase imbalance of less than 0.9° at the center frequency.