Using sodium hydroxide with microwave to enhance the saccharification efficiency of water hyacinth to improve the optimal pre-treatment for producing into biomass butanol

Sugar drivened from aquatic plants with high cellulose and hemicellulose content is one of the dynamic development that assists to maintain the advancement in bioproducts. Therefore, this study explored the potentiality of improvement on the saccharification efficiency of sugar from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) caused by microwave heating system. Pre-treatment is the most essential process for improving the function of lignocellulose as well as to decrease the crystallinity of cellulose so that reduce the cost of production. The structural changes of the fibers after microwave treatment with sodium hydroxide was observed on the residue by using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and Environmental Scanning Electron Micrograph (ESEM) analysis. The methods of full factorial experimental design were adopted to explore different parameters that influence the conversion rates of fibers into fermentable sugar. According to the result obtained the saccharification efficiency of sugar production were 10.2 ± 0.3%, 20.2 ± 0.2%, 14.7 ± 0.4%, 19.7 ± 0.6%, 15.3 ± 0.4%, 19.5 ± 0.5%, 20.1 ± 0.8%, 42.8 ± 0.1%, 14.2 ± 0.3%, 12.7 ± 0.9%, 18.4 ± 0.5%, 17.4 ± 0.1%, 18.4 ± 0.8%, 29.3 ± 0.6%, 17.2 ± 0.7%, and 52.6 ±0.5%. Henceforth, resulting from the interaction of these three parameters, the better sugar transfer efficiency was obtained under the conditions of high Microwave power (500W), long hydrolysis time (30min) and high Sodium hydroxide concentration (1.5%).