Rectangularly configured 4*4 Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/ matrix switch with low drive voltage

A matrix switch with a novel architecture has been demonstrated. A rectangularly configured 4*4 switch has been designed and fabricated on a 65-mm-long z-cut Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/ chip. The average drive voltage of 16 Delta beta -reversal directional couplers is 9 V for a cross state and 20 V for a bar state. The drive voltage difference of 11 V is about half that of the conventional matrix switch. Drive voltage deviations are within +or-0.5 V. The average insertion loss is 4.7 dB, and deviations for different paths are within +or-0.3 dB, and deviations for different paths are within +or-0.3 dB. The crosstalk of all crosspoint switches is also estimated based on crosstalk output measurements.