Blind path obstacle detector using smartphone camera and line laser emitter

Visually impaired people find navigating within unfamiliar environments challenging. Many smart systems have been proposed to help blind people in these difficult, often dangerous, situations. However, some of them are uncomfortable, difficult to obtain or simply too expensive. In this paper, a low-cost wearable system for visually impaired people was implemented which allows them to detect and locate obstacles in their locality. The proposed system consists of two main hardware components, a laser pointer ($12) and an android smart phone, making our system relatively cheap and accessible. The collision avoidance algorithm uses image processing to measure distances to objects in the environment. This is based on laser light triangulation. This obstacle detection is enhanced by edge detection within the captured image. An additional feature of the system is to recognize and warn the user when stairs are present in the camera's field of view. Obstacles are brought to the user's attention using an acoustic signal. Our system was shown to be robust, with only 5 % false alarm rate and a sensitivity of 90 % for 1 cm wide obstacles.