Coalition command and control — Simulation interoperation as a system of systems

The Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) and the NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO) have since 2005 had activities to interface military command and control (C2) systems with simulation systems. This paper describes a new and highly promising way to combine NATO partners' C2 systems and simulation systems into a system of systems that is capable of supporting military training, course of action analysis, and mission rehearsal for a coalition. Each national force uses its own C2 system and is represented by its own simulation, which best represents its capabilities. The overall coalition will thus be able to come together rapidly to function as an integrated whole.