Increasing the Performance of Data Centers by Combining Remote GPU Virtualization with Slurm

The use of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) presents several side effects, such as increased acquisition costs as well as larger space requirements. Furthermore, GPUs require a non-negligible amount of energy even while idle. Additionally, GPU utilization is usually low for most applications. Using the virtual GPUs provided by the remote GPU virtualization mechanism may address the concerns associated with the use of these devices. However, in the same way as workload managers map GPU resources to applications, virtual GPUs should also be scheduled before job execution. Nevertheless, current workload managers are not able to deal with virtual GPUs. In this paper we analyze the performance attained by a cluster using the rCUDA remote GPU virtualization middleware and a modified version of the Slurm workload manager, which is now able to map remote virtual GPUs to jobs. Results show that cluster throughput is doubled at the same time that total energy consumption is reduced up to 40%. GPU utilization is also increased.