Multimode Charging of Electric Vehicles

In this paper, a complete multimode (wired and wireless) charging and discharging infrastructure and their implementation in an electric vehicle are presented. The overall system management and a control strategy for increasing the efficiency are discussed. In order to increase the grid connection of an electric vehicle, a highly flexible bidirectional battery charging concept has been developed which is capable of charging 1-phase grid wired, 3-phase grid wired as well as wireless with an inductive power transfer system. Ancillary services and self-consumption are possible due to the bidirectional power flow capabilities. The multiple use of components, for saving costs and overall installed size, requires a compromise in efficiency and dimensioning of power electronic components, since they must satisfy all requirements for a bidirectional 1-phase and 3-phase wired grid connection as well as a wireless grid connection of the battery. To reduce the negative aspects by reason of over dimensioning for different charging modes, a new operating control technique will be presented to find an acceptable solution. Measurements of the efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility document the performance and electromagnetic safety of the system. A proof of concept and the system integration in an electric vehicle is demonstrated.