Humanoid Robots in Soccer: Robots Versus Humans in RoboCup 2050

This article describes the history and major achievements of the RoboCup Humanoid League from its start in 2002 to today. Furthermore, it gives an indication on how the league may evolve over the coming years until 2050, when a team of autonomous humanoid robots shall play soccer against the human world champion. We show how the competition drives humanoid robot research and serves as a benchmark to measure progress.