Simulation of microwave transmission measurements of the human heart

An alternative hemodynamic monitoring technology based on ultrawideband (UWB) microwave transmission measurements using a state-of-the-art near field sensor is explored. Simulations were performed from 1.5 GHz to 3.5 GHz to assess the system sensitivity and attenuation in anatomically accurate human phantoms. Results show a correlation between changes in the dielectric properties (DPs) of the heart and the transmission signal. Multipath and leakage effects are observed in measurements. High attenuation is a limitation of the proposed technology.