Prolonging of the Network Lifetime of WSN Using Fuzzy Clustering Topology

Adequate clustering provides an effective way for prolonging the lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN). Most proposed clustering algorithms do not consider the location of the base station. This will lead to the hot spots problem in multi-hop WSNs. In this paper, a fuzzy clustering topology is employed to prolong the lifetime of WSNs. Considering the residual energy, the distances to the base station and influence of neighboring parameters of the sensor nodes, the cluster-head radius are adjusted by fuzzy clustering topology. This helps to decrease the intra-cluster traffic load of sensor nodes closer to the base station or having lower battery level. The uncertainties in the estimation of cluster-head radius are handled by fuzzy logic. Our approach is compared with some popular algorithms in literature, including LEACH, Gupta and CHEF. Our approach performs in various performance metrics, such as First Node Dies (FND), Half of the Nodes Alive (HNA), Last Node Dies (LND) and energy-efficiency metrics. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs better than the other algorithms, up to 54% in certain cases. Therefore, this method is a stable and energy-efficient clustering algorithm can be applied to any real-world WSN applications.