Analysis the Throughput of Type-I Hybrid ARQ Protocol Using t-AEC/AAED over the m (=2)-ary Varshamov Channel

In many communication media, optical systems, and some VLSI systems, only one errors type, either 0 → 1 or 1 → 0, can occur in any data word and the decoder knows a priori the error type. These types of errors are called asymmetric errors. Asymmetric Varshamov channels could be used to model some physical systems such as multilevel flash memories where there is an exponential behaviour in the real distance between the sent and received symbols and so, the number of errors between these symbols should be measured according to the L
₁
distance. In this paper, we introduce a Varshamov error model for the general m(≥2)-ary Z-Channel with taking into account the error magnitude, but with concerning to the asymmetric case. Also, we analyze the throughput performance for Type-I selective-repeat hybrid ARQ protocols using t-Error-Correcting/All Asymmetric Error Detecting (t-AEC/AAED) codes over a noticeable Varshamov error model for the general Z-Channel.