Optimal formation of trainsets

In this paper, the authors identify the optimal formation of a high-speed train, considering mainly weight, axle load and adhesion utility, which are important indices for trainset formation. Trainset models are constructed based on data collected worldwide for major high-speed trains and high-performance locomotives, and formations are clarified that can reduce the indices. The method and the results will be useful when basic specifications of high-speed trains are being set.