Power upgrading by converting AC lines to DC

The authors describe how power transfer capability can be maximized by using HVDC, and indicate that it is possible to increase the power 3.5 times by converting AC lines to DC. Both HV and EHV double circuit and single circuit AC lines of average characteristics have been used as an example for conversion to both monopolar and bipolar DC lines. Conversion to HVDC also reduces per unit losses and enhances reliability through improved lightning performance. HVDC operation also has well-proven advantages in optimizing the operation of the total system.