An effective sink node allocation scheme for long-term operation of Wireless Sensor Networks using adaptive suppression PSO

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted a significant amount of interests from many researchers for a wide range of applications, such as natural environmental monitoring and environmental control in residential spaces or factories. To realize long-term operation of WSNs, we discuss in this study a method of suppressing the communication load on sensor nodes by effectively placing a limited number of sink nodes in an observation area that integrate sensing data from sensor nodes around them. As a technique of solving effective locations for sink nodes, in past studies, we have proposed a search method based on particle swarm optimization that is one of the swarm intelligence algorithms, named the Suppression Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO). This paper proposes a new technique, named the Advanced Suppression Particle Swarm Optimization (ASPSO) having an adaptive control scheme for its parameters.