Low power squaring and square root circuits using subthreshold MOS transistors

This paper describes how the translinear (TL) principle can be purposefully exploited for MOS transistors operating in subthreshold region. Due to the exponential current-voltage relationship of subthreshold MOS transistors, they are comparable with BJTs as far as TL principle is concerned. Here squaring and square rooting circuits are implemented using subthreshold MOS devices.