Image Projection with Nonlinear Optics

The nonlinear optical process of conjugate wavefront generation by degenerate four-wave mixing can project images in a manner akin to conventional optical systems. The underlying physics is quite different, and the difference allows higher resolution over larger useful fields. This article reviews the basics of conjugate wavefront generation and its relationship to holography, and proposes applications in fine-line lithography. Initial experiments confirm the predicted advantages but also point out inadequacies in present-day nonlinear optics technology.