Improved ant routing algorithm in cognitive radio networks

Cognitive radio (CR) is a revolution in radio technology. Cognitive radio networks (CRN) is featured by the dynamic spectrum sharing of the secondary nodes coexisting with the primary nodes. Secondary nodes in cognitive radio networks (CRN) need the ability to work on different frequency bands and intelligently adjust their configuration to changes in the communication environment. It is a complicated and challenge task. So the routing protocol of CRN is different from that of traditional wireless network. In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol which does not need common control channel in CRN. This scheme applies swarm intelligence into CRN routing protocol. It can find out the route , which has minimum delay from source to destination , utilizing a routing cost function. The cost function takes into account many kinds of delay simultaneously. Simulation result shows that the proposed routing algorithm can effectively reduce the cumulate delay.