Flight Patterns of Cletus rusticus (Stål) (Hemiptera: Coreidae)

Tethered flight patterns of Cletus rusticus Stal are separated into 2 groups, multi-halts group and oligo-halts group. The multi-halts group has 9 patterns, Biansu-Wending-Jiangsu pattern, Wending-Sushuai pattern, Kuanji-Duoting pattern, Za-Duoting pattern, ZhongqiBiansu-HouqiHuanjiang pattern, QianhouWending-ZhongqiBiansu pattern, Guilu pattern, Xiao-Chitiao pattern, and Kuaisu-Jiangsu pattern. The oligo-group has 4 patterns, Qianhou-Tingdun pattern, Houqi-Tingdun pattern, Qianqi-Tingdun pattern, and Zhongqi-Tingdun pattern. Each pattern is described and has at least one representative figure with a time-revolution curve map, a velocity-revolution curve map, and 8 parameters were given in the explanation on the top. These parameters are distance, duration, mean velocity, maximum velocity, mean velocity of one takeoff with the longest flight journey, distance of one takeoff with the longest flight journey, duration of one takeoff with the biggest flight duration, and the number of halts in the whole flight. All flight data were captured from a flight mill system with 26 channels.