The dynamic properties and stability analysis for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

In this paper, a phenomenal analysis on the wavelength dependence of the gain temperature coefficient is presented. Based on this model, the relation between the dynamic properties and the lasing wavelength within the gain regime are investigated using the rate equations, including the wavelength dependence of both the differential gain and linewidth enhancement factor. Our calculation shows that when the lasing mode occurs in the negative damping rate regime, the relative intensity noise (RIN) is more than 43 dB higher, and the linewidth is broadened out more than 30 dB, which indicates laser being in a chaotic state. The stability of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with distant external optical feedback is analyzed numerically. The results for different cavity designs are compared. The effects of the nonlinear gain coefficient on RIN and spectral linewidth of the VCSEL's with external optical feedback is investigated.