QOS Multicast Routing Based on Bandwidth and Resource Availability in Mobile Adhoc Networks

The need for supporting real time and multimedia applications for users of mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is becoming essential. Mobile ad hoc networks can provide multimedia users with mobility they demand, if efficient QoS multicast strategies were developed. The aim of this article is to define the building blocks of such an ad hoc QoS multicasting (AQM) protocol and propose a cross layer framework to support QoS multicasting. AQM achieves multicasting efficiency by tracking the availability of resources for each node within its neighbourhood. Computation of free bandwidth is based on reservations made for ongoing sessions and similar information reported by neighbours. Current QoS status is announced at the initiation of a new session and updated periodically in the network to the extent of QoS provision. Thus, nodes are prevented from applying for membership if there is no QoS path for the session. When nodes join a session with certain service requirements, a request-reply- reserve process ensures that the QoS information is refreshed and used to select the most appropriate routes. To evaluate the efficiency of AQM in providing multicast users with QoS and satisfying application requirements, two new performance metrics, member and session satisfaction grades are introduced. AQM is compared to a non- QoS scheme with particular emphasis on these criteria. Simulation results show that, by applying QoS restrictions, AQM significantly improves multicasting efficiency. Thus, QoS is both essential for and applicable to multicasting in order to support mobile multimedia applications in ad hoc networks.