On the Measurement Accuracy of the Tissue Permittivity in Vivo

An open-ended coaxial line and a computer-controlled network analyzer have been extensively used for measuring the tissue permittivity in vivo at radio and microwave frequencies. An analysis is presented of measurement errors resulting from calibration and random errors of the network analyzer [1],[2]. The uncertainties in our system are ΔΓ = 0.05 dB and Δϕ = 0.3°. Key Words-Radio frequency, Microwave permittivity in vivo, Automated network analyzer.