Pure Bending Strain Experiments on Jacketed ${\rm Nb}_{3}{\rm Sn}$ Strands for ITER

The effect of transverse loads on strands has been pointed as a possible cause of the difference observed when scaling transport properties of single strands to those of cable-in-conduit conductors. Single multifilamentary strands inside cables are in fact subject to bending strain due to the electromagnetic forces at operating conditions and to the geometrical layout. Here the influence of pure bending strain, applied in combination with a longitudinal strain, on the critical current of advanced strands for ITER has been studied. The tested samples are single strands inserted inside a thin stainless steel jacket and wound on stainless steel barrels. After the heat treatment, a pure bending strain has been applied transferring the wires on different diameter mandrels, using ad-hoc developed and qualified techniques. Transport critical current has been measured on the single strands before and after the steel jacketing, as well as after the additional application of two different values of maximum bending strain: 0.5% and 0.25%. This was the best choice in order to verify experimentally whether the so-called long twist pitch condition can be applied for the selected strands. The distribution of the bending strain over the strand cross-section has been calculated with finite element numerical codes, and the expected critical current degradation in the limiting cases of short and long twist pitch has been computed and compared with experimental data.