An Analysis and Comparison of Energy Direction Finding Systems

Direction finding systems that use knowledge of only the aporoximate center frequency and bandwidth of the arriving signal and perform the azimuth estimate using the signal energy azimuthal distribution are of widespread interest. In this paper, a variety of such systems are considered. Their performances are analyzed and compared to each other and to a baseline optimal system. Particular attention is given to systems that will perform well against wideband signals in a low signal-to-noise environment.